In recent years, Confucianism has attracted attention as a philosophy that resolves the contradictions brought about by Western democracy and is necessary for the future international community. Many people have tried to apply the wisdom of traditional thought to today’s society in various forms and bridge tradition and modernity. But what exactly is “tradition”? Even in the pre-modern period, “tradition” did not continue to exist in a fixed form, but instead produced various thinking patterns by constantly changing its image. In this roundtable, the experts in East Asian philosophy will explore how the concept of “tradition” has been questioned in the history of China and Japan.